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Carbon Monoxide Signs
Carbon Monoxide (CO) poisoning occurs when an internal combustion engine or improperly adjusted fuel-burning appliance is operated in a closed area without fresh air.
The early stages of CO exposure includes headaches, dizziness, drowsiness. A conscious victim may look or act intoxicated. Other symptoms include blurred vision, irritability, and an inability to concentrate. Severe cases cause nausea and vomiting, shortness of breath, convulsions, unconsciousness, and eventually death.
If the victim is unconscious, move him/her to an area with fresh air and place him/her on his/her side with his/her head resting on an arm. If the victim is not breathing, begin mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and CPR if necessary and call 911.
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First Aid Tips
CPR and first aid are often required in emergencies. Administer CPR only if you are trained. Contact the American Red Cross, American Heart Association, or the YMCA for information about training.
Immediate Actions
1. Breathing and Circulation. Begin rescue breathing if the victim is not breathing; begin CPR if there is no pulse and you are trained.
2. Bleeding. Apply direct pressure to the wound and elevate it to stop persistent bleeding.
3. Shock. Lay the victim on his/her back and give assurance. Position the feet above the head. Monitor breathing and circulation. If neck or spinal injuries are evident or suspected, move the victim only if:
a. it is necessary to establish or maintain a vital function such as breathing, or
b. it must be done to avoid further injury
4. Chest Pain. Help a conscious victim into a comfortable position with the head raised. Loosen tight clothing. Help the victim take prescribed medication if necessary If the victim loses consciousness and is not breathing, proceed with the ABCs of rescue breathing. If victim has no pulse, begin CPR if you are trained.
Follow-Up Actions
1. STAY CALM !
2. Call 911. Have someone call 911. Rescuers must not leave victims before first aid is administered to relieve the crisis. (Exception: If you are alone with an unconscious, unresponsive adult, call 911 before beginning rescue breathing.)
3. Other Health Problems. Check the victim for emergency medical ID tags and medications.
4. Food and Liquids. Never give food or liquids to victims who are unconscious, semiconscious, nauseated, or severely injured.
When Calling 911 For Medical Help
1. Give the location. Mention a landmark at or near the scene to help medics find it.
2. Give the facts. If feasible, give information about what happened, the number of injured persons, first aid given, and additional equipment needed. [NOTE: If someone else places the call for help, confirm that the call has been made.]
What to Do Until Help Arrives
Administer the ABCs of Rescue Breathing as follows:
Determine Responsiveness